Biomaterials II: Corrosion issues in biological environments

Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials in Cell Culture Environments

41 Metallic materials are used in biomedical devices for various parts of the human body (Fig. 1). The implanted material is exposed to body fluids, such as intercellular fluid and blood depending on the surrounding tissue. Body fluid consists of inorganic ions (Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, HxPO4 etc.), amino acids, proteins, and organic acids. The pH of body fluid is buffered at 7.15~7.35 but it decreases ...

Chapter 12: Biomaterials and Corrosion

Biological Corrosion Failures

Fig. 1 The pH and oxidation reduction potential for growth of anaerobic bacteria able to reduce nitrate or sulfate (dots in plots) and for soils dominated by the microbial metabolism (boxes). Aerobic bacteria grow over a wide range of pH at Eh 300 mV (normal hydrogen electrode). Source: Ref 19 MICROORGANISMS can directly or indirectly affect the integrity of many materials used in industrial sy...

Changing environments and structure--property relationships in marine biomaterials.

Most marine organisms make functional biomolecular materials that extend to varying degrees 'beyond their skins'. These materials are very diverse and include shells, spines, frustules, tubes, mucus trails, egg capsules and byssal threads, to mention a few. Because they are devoid of cells, these materials lack the dynamic maintenance afforded intra-organismic tissues and thus are usually assum...

Stress- Corrosion Crack Initiation of High-strength Pipeline Steel in Near-neutral pH Environments

Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) tests were conducted in the near-neutral pH standard solution, NS4, and in an actual soil solution, using four-point bending at a high stress ratio and low frequency conditions very similar to those of operational pipelines. Pitting incubation appeared first and then pitting initiated and grew in both solutions although there were many more pits on the specimen t...